Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Responsibility

Introduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got to be worry about the principled ground of attaining to social commitment. Latter 1880 manifestation of the accountability for society has got soundness however after that period the association started to include in humanitarian force strongly (Adamsson and Johansson 2008). This study hopes to explore the corporate social responsibility and furthermore how and why affiliation its participate in corporate social responsibility. A number of multinational firms offering essentialness to the social and business substance that can give an organization a humane face and eventually it will bring notoriety and moment business advantage as individuals get to be unwavering to this. Thus, this is the reason organizations are taking CSR issue as an unquestionable requirement for getting an additional profit on present exceptionally aggressive world and along these lines happily keeping their buyer group protected from other rivalry. Company Background Tesco is Britain s driving sustenanceShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility773 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate social responsibility may also be referred to as corporate citizenship and can involve spending finances that do not directly benefit the company but rather advocate positive social and environmental change. The soul in the next economy forum presentation made it evident that achieving corporate social responsibly in a company can reap major benefits in terms of finances, more inspiring workplace and customer satisfaction. In the past, companies mistakenly thought that corporate socialRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2819 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2818 Words   |  12 PagesFor the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thou ght of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got to be worryRead MoreCorporate Responsibility And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1867 Words   |  8 PagesStevan Jakovljevic Professor Laud MGT 3550 Values, Ethics and Sustainability 10/18/16 Chapter 3: Define corporate responsibility (CSR). Describe the benefits. Why do some executives support CSR while others find it troublesome and argue against it? Corporate social responsibility is what a company uses to self-regulate itself and refers to business practices involving initiatives that benefit society. A business’s CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving away a portion of a company’sRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility779 Words   |  4 PagesPolytechnic University of the Philippines Sta. Mesa, Manila College of Business Submitted by: Ramizares, Riza Marie M. BSBA HRDM 4-6N Submitted to: Professor Celso D. Torreon Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility * Organizational Culture is the behavior of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefsRead MoreCorporate and Social Responsibility997 Words   |  4 PagesBirch (2002). Social, Economic and Environmental Capital. Corporate Citizenship in a New Economy. Deakin University, Melbourne J.M. Darley (2005). How Organizations Socialize Individuals into Evildoing In recent years, Corporate and Social Responsibility has become an ever increasing concern and source of community debate. It is now socially accepted that corporations have some ongoing responsibility, though sometimes ignored, to set a good example, make decisions based on social good and onRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1072 Words   |  5 Pages Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction In this essay the author will try to give an understanding of what is the Corporate Social Responsibility, why it is so important nowadays and we will analyse role of Lidl in this area in different dimensions. So what is the Corporate Social Responsibility?The World Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication â€Å"Making Good Business Sense† by Lord Holme and Richard Watts, used the following definition Corporate SocialRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1030 Words   |  4 Pages Corporate social responsibility (CSR), also called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship, social performance, or sustainable responsible business/corporate social responsibility) is an enterprise self-discipline is integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built-in automatic adjustment mechanism, make enterprise monitoring, ensuring effective comply with the law, moral and spiritual international norms. In some aircraft, the company to perform corporate social responsibilityRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility2176 Words   |  9 Pagesservices. The society concerned more about the business ethic and environmental issues. Companies are expected to act virtuously nowadays. The ideas of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Citizenship are spreading faster than ever before and become one of the hottest business models in the recent decades. â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)† is defined as â€Å"the commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development, working with employees, their families, the local communityRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility2476 Words   |  10 PagesCorporate Social Reasonability is a commitment by a corporation to develop socially responsible policies in the areas of work and family life, community welfare, ecology and human rights. Business today has recognized that in order to be successful they must earn the respect and confidence of their customers. Although the bottom line is the concern of any business, companies have now recognized that they have a social and moral obligation to care for the citizens of the world in which they profit

The Institution of Slave Trade Essay - 1533 Words

The Institution of Slave Trade The institution of slave trade and the actual experiences of slavery that occurred in the Caribbean were to form a monumental part of that regions culture, society, and everyday interactions, both in the past and in the present. The culture that is present today in the Caribbean is the result of many different influences varying from those introduced by ruling colonial countries, to influences that the slaves stressed, and even from brand new colonies being developed. The diverse and multifaceted culture that is present today is a direct result of the institution of slavery. The reason that forced all of these cultures to become intermixed and entangled was a result of slavery, but more specifically a†¦show more content†¦In fact many historians to this day debate over the question of whether or not the plantations even made any profit over their period of existence. More and more pirates emerged as the demand for sugar continued to increase, and therefore more and more slaves were also needed. After these pirates attacked slave ships en route to the Caribbean, they would take the slaves and trade them in the Caribbean for sugar, molasses, and rum and make their way back to Europe top begin the process all over again. Because these pirates did not differentiate between the countries ships that they attacked (excluding their own), they began some of the first mixing of slaves and cultures into one group. Often times they would take the non-black deckhands of the attacked ship and either make them slaves as well, or assign them to deck duty upon their own ship. This general small scale mixing was the beginning to what was to ensue on a much larger scale in the very near future. Another area that began to increase the tendency for cultural and social mixing was the fact that as more and more pirates sailed the sea, counties began to send less and less of their commissioned trade ships. As fewer and fewer of these countries vessels made contact with their various plantation colonies in the Caribbean, their cultural influence on themShow MoreRelatedCapitalism and Slavery1511 Words   |  7 PagesCapitalism: End Of The Slave Trade System or Reevaluated Economic Stimulus. Like many others demoralized cultures during the Atlantic Slave trade period, Africans fell victim to the sixteenth century discovery of Columbus so called New World. Europeans used the Atlantic Slave Trade to capitalize on Columbus so called Discovery. For more than three centuries, the regions of Africa were in a state of destabilization. More than thirty million Africans were taken out of Africa and put in theRead MoreThe North Was Deeply Entrenched in Slavery Essay525 Words   |  3 Pagesspecifically benefited from the shipping of slaves in northern ports, the financing of slaves and land for the south and the various support services of the slavery system. Shipping Industry Northern shipping ports dominated the trade of slaves and slave related merchandise right up until the Civil War. The ports of Boston, Massachusetts and Newport, Connecticut were primary hubs in the slave trading industry, but there were other ports that profited from the slave trade. In the late 1700’s, Newport controlledRead MoreThe Scarcity Of Land During Virginia Made Planters Or Male Members With Their Families1741 Words   |  7 Pagesarable land. This migration spiked the demand for slaves, until 1808 this demand was met by a supply of slaves shipped from Africa. After 1808 the Trans-Atlantic trade ceased (at least officially), and the only legal means of acquiring of slaves was the domestic trade. After the 1820s, the domestic slave trade was commonly accepted as a ‘big business’, and the rise of cotton cultivation (King Cotton phenomenon) together with the federal ban on the slave import from Africa drove profits ever higherRead MoreDocumentary Analysis of Goree: Door of No Return921 Words   |  4 Pagesthe trans-Atlantic slave trade into a greater historical and geographic perspective. The film is set in Goree, an island off the coast of Senegal. Goree is where the door of no return was located, and seeing the actual door leaves an indelible image stamped on the viewers brain. Through this door passed countless men and women who were being bought and sold on the island. Goree was a Portuguese holding for hundreds of years. What is most astonishing about Goree is that the slave warehouse there wasRead MoreThe Effects Of Slavery On American South And Its Entire Population Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pages Between 1800 and 1865, slaves lived in the Southern Stat es and worked in the tobacco, wheat, rice, corn and cotton plantations. Essentially, slavery was an economic institution with far-reaching benefits to slaveholders, since the value of slave labor was considerably more than the cost of their maintenance. Demands for democratization, respect for human dignity and American Civil War presented a major turning point in the institution of slavery as farmers turned to lesser labor-intensive productionRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1328 Words   |  6 PagesReligious institutions have played a prominent role in the history of American culture, and legislation. These institutions were especially impactful during the start of American colonization. Colonization caused the aggregated need for mass amounts of workers for cultivation infrastructure. For this reason, American settlers began the transatlantic slave trade trade. Christianity played an important role in advocating for the morality of the slave trade (Richard). In order to drive the slave industryRead MoreEssay about Atlantic Slave Trade1519 Words   |  7 Pagescalled â€Å"The Atlantic Slave Trade† and was born in Zwagerbosch, Netherlands in 1935. He received his PhD from Michigan State. He is now a professor at Minnesota State University and has written â€Å"The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade†. As well as co- editing of â€Å"Riches from Atlantic Commerce: Dutch Transatlantic trade and Shipping.† The Atlantic slave trade was the largest and longest ongoing international voyage in human history. Taking place as early as the 1440’s, the slave trade gives valuable accountRead MoreEssay on Tobacco/Cotton Slavery FRQ1677 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast the experience of slaves on tobacco plantations in the early seventeenth-century Chesapeake region with that of slaves on nineteenth-century cotton plantations in the Deep South. What forces transformed the institution of slavery the early seventeenth century to the nineteenth century? When approaching slavery from a historical standpoint, it is a tendency to generalize the experience of slaves. However, slavery differs per region and time period. The differing climates ofRead MoreA Study On Atlantic Slave Trade1732 Words   |  7 PagesSydney Abbott 11/20/14 History 2010 Professor Robinson Atlantic Slave Trade PART I Many historians will argue that the institution of enslaving Africans in European cultures was merely a commercial solution to an economic problem, not a result of racism. Slavery throughout history existing in the America and the New World has been mainly identified with â€Å"the Negro slave.† Although, the truth is that slaves of the New World were of all different religious denominations and ethnicities, not strictlyRead MoreThe Legacies of Slavery and Reparations Essay1000 Words   |  4 Pagessubject was a very traditional method of thought having a tangible value. They argued that millions of Africans were wrongfully displaced throughout the triangle of trade that was formed between Africa, the New World and Britain. Stripped of almost everything except their life and sometimes even that, these Africans, who were now slaves, were gathered like cattle into forts and castles along the Africa coast awaiting their long journey of no return. Thousands of Africans were t hrown into dungeons

St. Francis Of Assisi Essay Example Example For Students

St. Francis Of Assisi Essay Example St. Francis is considered a legendary hero and a popular saint. He was born in 1181, the middle of a time of great increases and expansions in the medieval West, in Assisi, the place where this was strongest. His parents were Pietro and Pica Bernardone. His father was a wealthy silk merchant. St. Francis spent his childhood in extravagant living and pleasure-seeking.He was always in trouble and ran around Assisi with his friends, eating, drinking, and having a good time. He went to war to fight for Assisi against Perugia and was taken prisoner in 1202. Eventually he was released and once again, returned to his old carefree ways. He became seriously ill for a while but thenHe experienced a vision of Christ at Spoleto which was then followed by anothervision while he returned to Assisi. One vision was of Christ telling him, Go and rebuild my church. It is falling down. These visions are what changed his lifestyle forever. Despite his wealthy, comfortable life, St. Francis chose a life of poverty. He wore ragsand wooden shoes on his bare feet. His father became furious at this and threatened to disown him. Francis returned his fathers money and clothes that he had taken to helprebuild the church and severed relations with his father. St. Francis rebuilt San Damiano with money begged from his townsmen. Hewent on a pilgrimage to Rome in 1206, identifying himself with the poor and helping totake care of those who suffered from leprosy. For two or three years he lived alone,wandering. Eventually, seven disciples joined him. Some of them were older, some middle-aged, but they lived together as a community at the Portiuncula in Assisi, near aleper colony. Here, he devoted himself completely to his lifes work of poverty and preaching. St. Francis and the other preachers stood out from the other Italian poor preachers of the time because they had respect for, and showed obedience to the Church authorities and their doctrinal orthodoxy. They lived in simple huts and their churcheswere small. They slept on the ground and had no tables or chairs, as well as very fewIn 1209, St. Francis founded the order of Friars Minor, which took the people of that time by surprise because by doing this, Francis presented poverty, chastity, and obedience in terms of troubadours and courts of love. After this, St. Francis gained manyFrancis wished to preach to more people from farther around. In 1212 he went eastward, but was driven on to the Dalmatian coast. In 1214 he left once again, this timefor Morocco through Spain, but, he became very sick and was forced to come back home. In 1219, he sailed from Ancona with twelve other friars, heading for Acre and Damietta. Francis managed to pass through enemy lines and meet with the Sultan who was veryimpressed but did not want to convert. St. Francis would not take all the rich presents hewas given and he went back to the Christian armies. In 1221, Francis made a rule, which was approved in 1223 as the Regula Bullata. It canalized the Franciscan Order into the Church. Francis had already made a rule previous to the Regula Bullata, called the Regula Prima, in 1210. The Regula Primabegan with a promise of obedience and reverence to Pope Innocent III and his successors. Most of it deals with the Gospels, which refer to renunciation and to the conditions of lifeof the followers of Christ. Also, it says that all brothers shall be catholic and live andspeak as catholics. If any shall err from the catholic faith and life either by word or deedand shall not mend his way, let him be expelled from the brotherhood. .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .postImageUrl , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:hover , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:visited , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:active { border:0!important; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:active , .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1 .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa2e6d0ed0929d4c62a0c1e2f0e3d8a1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: True Tragic Hero in Sophocles' Antigone Antigone e EssayIn 1212, Francis was joined by St. Clare who helped to establish the Franciscan St. Francis was known to have a close bond or relationship with animals. Storiesare told about him preaching to the birds, telling them that God loves them and that theyshould praise Him for everything they have been given, such as wings to fly freely through the sky. There is also another favorite story about the wolf who terrorized a town by killing the townsmen and their animals. Francis approached the wolf and madea deal with him that if he would stop killing, then the people of the town would leave himfood for the rest of his life. Th e wolf agreed and went door to door for the rest of its lifefor food. In the end, when the wolf finally dies, the people of the town realize that they miss the wolf. Another story told of Francis saving a lamb on its way to slaughter by convincing a merchant to give it to him. He then brought the lamb with him on his wayto see the Bishop. These stories are thought to emphasize St. Francis consideration forall elements of the physical universe, and his identity with them. This is the reason whyhe is sometimes called the patron of natural conservation. In St. Francis later years, some of the most famous incidents of his life happened. One of these incidents was the inauguration of the Christmas crib at Grecchio, prepared by friar John, where Francis read the Gospel with such devotion that it made men cry. Another incident was the canticle of the Sun, in 1224. He wrote it when he visited Clareat Assisi while he was extremely sick and uncomfortable. And most important of all theincidents, in 1224, while praying in his cell on Mount Alverna, when he received the stigmata. This was considered the climax of supernatural events that had occurred to himSt. Francis of Assisi died on October 3, 1226, at age forty five. He was canonized in 1228 by his old friend, Gregory IX. St. Francis was buried in the church of St. Giorgio and Assisi is now a pilgrimage centre for Franciscan devotees from all around the world. I dont think that there are very many people around today that would ever deliberately force themselves into poverty and a life spent wandering and living withsick and poor strangers, while being blind and extremely sick himself at times, all because of a strong devotion to God. It seems incredible, especially in the world ofwhich we live today, that a person living comfortably with wealth and all that life has tooffer, could give it all up. St. Francis was a caring and sensitive man who loved the world around him and believed that it was all a result of a gift from God. His belief was so strong that he felt he had to, in a sense, give up his life, just as Christ had done, to serve his Lord. St. Francis left us with so much before he died. He rebuilt many of Romes churches and with the help of St. Clare, formed the Franciscans and the Throughout this past century, we have seen much more interest in St. Francis butwe have had a tendency to only see the traits and characteristics about him that are shownin movies or individual writings. Because of this, we often see cartoons and caricaturesof St. Francis as a sentimental nature-lover or even as a hippy drop-out from society. These humorous portrayals keep us from seeing how stern and devoted he really was. They dont show his unbelievable and undeniable love for God. Still, St. Francis is Bibliography:History Paper Spring Term 2000 Prof. Fabrizio Bibliography Page1.Delaney, John J. Dictionary of Saints. New York: Doubleday Company, Inc., 1980. .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .postImageUrl , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:hover , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:visited , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:active { border:0!important; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:active , .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uddb004db0b564f1a6d32bbb40bbcf2fd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Future Of Fiber Optics Essay2.New Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 6. Ill: Jack Heraty Associates, Inc., 1981. 3.Jrgensen, Johannes. Saint Francis of Assisi: A Biography. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1947. 4.Cunningham, Lawrence S. Saint Francis of Assisi. Boston: G.K. Hall Co., 1976. 5.Duquoc, Christian and Casiano Floristn. Francis of Assisi Today. New York: The Seabury Press, 1981. 6.DePaola, Tomie. Francis: The Poor Man of Assisi. New York: Holiday House, 1982.

Information and Communication Technology for Effective Teaching and Learning free essay sample

It even allows individuals to process information according to their preferred learning styles; as a result it helps to discover things through better learning process and manages to control the pace of learning for themselves. The information and communication technology (video conference, e-mail, distance learning ) helps in promoting opportunities of knowledge sharing throughout the globe. Therefore the article tells that with the help of information and communication technology people are exploring and heading themselves in fulfilling their desires in pursuing education. Key words: Information, Communication, Technology, Education and opportunity. * Sales Executive – India Infoline Pvt. Ltd. , Vijayanagar, Mysore – 570017. E-mail: [emailprotected] com Contact No. : +91-9986298007. ** Assistant Professor DOS in Business Administration, University of Mysore, Mysore-06. E-mail: [emailprotected] com Contact No. : +91-9886990917. INTRODUCTION: Informatics technology is defined as ‘the technological applications (artefacts) of informatics in society’. Information and communication technology, or ICT, is defined as ‘the combination of informatics technology with other, related technologies, specifically communication technology’. We will write a custom essay sample on Information and Communication Technology for Effective Teaching and Learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can add to universal access to education, equity in education, the delivery of quality learning and teaching, teachers’ professional growth and more efficient education management, governance and administration. 21st century is considered as knowledge based society wherein ICT plays a vital role in teaching and learning. Throughout the world ICT is being an emerging field of researches in education. It can be used to collect information and learning opportunities available outside the formal schooling system and more than ever in the field of Open and Distance Education it is being extensively utilized. The central and state government (Ministry of Human Resource Development) launched a scheme in December 2004 named as ‘Information and Communication Technology in School’ which aims to provide opportunities to secondary stage students to develop ICT skills and also for ICT aided learning process. The scheme enables widespread availability of access devices, connectivity to the Internet and promotion of ICT literacy in all government schools as the impact of ICT in the field of education was growing rapidly and to utilise the benefits of ICT. ICTs can be seen as a platform to overcome the worst parts of education and learning while creating new opportunities and innovative ways to teach and learn, simultaneously careful monitoring, assessments and coordination are essential to success. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: The empirical study conducted in our country and as well as across the globe related on our topic information and communication technology for effective teaching and learning are presented below. And in order to find out the gaps in these studies it is important to review the available literature on the related aspects of the present study. S K Mishra (May 11, 2008), in his study â€Å"Possibilities of Quality Enhancement in Higher Education by Intensive Use of Information Technology†, tells that the Quality of higher education is a multi-dimensional concept. It lies in effectiveness of transmitting knowledge and skill; the authenticity, content, coverage and depth of information; availability of reading/teaching materials; help in removing obstacles to learning; applicability of knowledge in solving the real life problems; fruitfulness of knowledge in personal and social domains; convergence of content and variety of knowledge over space (countries and regions) and different sections of the people; cost-effectiveness and administrative efficiency. Information technology has progressed very fast in the last three decades; it has produced equipments at affordable cost and it has now made their wider application feasible. This technology has made search, gathering, dissemination, storing, retrieval, transmission and reception of knowledge easier, cheaper and faster. Side by side, a vast virtual library vying with the library in prints has emerged and continues growing rapidly. One may hold that the e-libraries are the libraries of tomorrow when the libraries in prints will be the antiques or the archival objects of the past. His paper discusses in details how information technology can be applied to enhance the quality of higher education at affordable cost. It also discusses the major obstacles to optimal utilization of information technology and measures to remove them. Daniel Lass, Bernard Morzuch and Richard Rogers (January 2007), in their article entitled as â€Å"Teaching with Technology to Engage Students and Enhance Learning†, tells that the Teaching technology effects on student learning in a large lecture introductory statistics course were tested. Findings show in-class personal response systems and on-line homework/quizzes significantly improve student exam scores. We infer proven small class techniques, participating in class and doing homework via technologies; can restore sound pedagogy in larger classes. The experiment was conducted using just one class, but factors usually unaccounted for in assessment research were controlled, especially the instructor and other materials. The technologies investigated here can provide learning benefits to students even in larger courses often criticized for their inability to provide students quality learning experiences. David Thomson (June 26, 2007), in his paper â€Å"Case Map as a Tool for the Research Log Function: Finally, a Technology that Can Help us Teach Better†, tells that teachers at all levels have been encouraged to use technology in the classroom, with mixed results. Unfortunately, technology never makes for a better student or a better teacher by itself. What is needed are customized applications designed by teachers with particular educational objectives in mind. Those teachers charged with the difficult task of introducing their students to the art and practice of legal writing often find themselves in the position of a doctor trying to diagnose an illness from a dead body. That is, they find themselves trying to explain a combination of thinking and writing problems after the two have been mixed together, and the resulting mistakes have already been made. If we could more systematically join with our students in the critical thinking and linking steps that must precede good legal writing, we might be able to help them produce better final products. He describes in his article that the use of a particular software program in the teaching of legal research and writing that, if carefully used and implemented, might finally meet that elusive objective. Paul L. Caron (2006), in his article entitled as â€Å"Teaching with Technology in the 21st Century Law School Classroom†, he believes that people are entering a fourth phase in the deployment of modern technology in the law school classroom, in which faculty embrace technology to actively engage the twenty-first century law student. Instead of fighting losing battles against technology, or living with the problems associated with the current state of law school classroom technology, in the article he discusses three of the new technological tools that he uses on a daily basis in his classes: (1) the Classroom Performance System; (2) the Law Stories Series; and (3) the Law Professor Blogs Network. These technological tools represent the next generation of law school teaching technology and answer critics who charge that technology in the form of PowerPoint slides and laptop computers create a stultifying passive classroom environment. By requiring students to take a more active role in their learning, these technologies help students to thrive in the fast-paced legal world of the twenty-first century using twenty-first century tools. Neal Feigenson, Richard K Sherwin and Christina Spiesel (August 30, 2005), in their paper â€Å"Law in the Digital Age: How Visual Communication Technologies are Transforming the Practice, Theory, and Teaching of Law†, tells that the Law today has entered the digital age. The way law is practiced how truth and justice are represented and assessed is increasingly dependent on what appears on electronic screens in courtrooms, law offices, government agencies, and elsewhere. Practicing lawyers know this and are rapidly adapting to the new era of digital visual rhetoric. Legal theory and education, however, have yet to catch up. Their article has made the first systematic effort to theorize laws transformation by new visual and multimedia technologies and to set out the changes in legal pedagogy that are needed to prepare law students for practice in the new environment. Their article also explores the consequences for legal theory and practice of the shift from an objectivist to a constructivist approach to human knowledge, using an expanded, multidisciplinary understanding of rhetoric to analyze the elusiveness of evidentiary truth and the nature and ethics of persuasion in the digital era. Gordon Monday Bubou (December 2004), in his paper â€Å"Shifting Paradigms in Education: Imperatives for the Infusion of ICT into the Educational System of Bayelsa State of Nigeria†, tells that the past three decades and most recently, information and communications technologies (ICTs) have orchestrated obvious fundamental changes in the way mankind organises himself and does his own things, rendering the world into one digital global village. The greatest casualty in the mist of all these changes is the educational system, because the development, acquisition and dissemination of information is central to the educational system. His paper examines the shifting paradigms in the global education arena which is a direct consequence of advances in ICT and makes a strong case for the infusion of ICT into the educational system in order to derive the maximum benefits inherent in the use of ICT. OBJECTIVES: †¢ To explore the concept of ICT in today’s education system. †¢ To evaluate the importance and usage of information and technology in the process of teaching and learning. †¢ To know whether ICTs help in collecting information and gaining knowledge apart from formal education system. To know the utilisation of advanced technology in the field of education system. Information and communications technology or information and communication technology (ICT), is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. The phrase ICT had been used by academic researchers since the 1980s, but it became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997 and in the revised National Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. The term ICT is now also used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the audio-visual, building management and telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. The speed of change brought in relation to the new technologies has a significant effect on the manner of public lives, work and engage in recreation worldwide. At the same time new and emerging technologies face up to the traditional process of teaching and learning, and the way education is managed. Information technology is a significant area of study which has a major impact across all set of courses. Easy worldwide communication provides on the spot access to a huge collection of data, challenging assimilation and assessment skills. Rapid communication, plus increased access to IT in the home, at work, and in educational establishments, could mean that learning becomes a truly lifelong activity an activity in which the pace of technological change forces constant evaluation of the learning process itself. Information Communication Technology (ICT) is often perceived as a useful strategy to transform education systems and a means by which students can develop basic competencies and skills needed for a knowledge economy. The main focus is on how a country’s education system and policy can be enriched through the applications of ICT. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can contribute to universal access to education, equity in education, the delivery of quality learning and teaching, teachers’ professional development and more efficient education management, governance and administration. Access to online facts and research is not increasing the risk that students are graduating without foundational knowledge in a subject. The latest software and applications in information technology allow educators to take a new approach to subject literacy. Rather than simply relying on lectures and slides, lessons can now include a variety of multimedia effects, such as video and audio. Live streaming of events directly into the classroom adds a sense of immediacy and relevance to the lesson. This new selection of tools gives teachers more ways to reach different types of learners, including the disabled, allowing for a greater level of participation in class. We are living in a knowledge-based society where technology acts as an enabler and as a tool for empowerment. Technology has changed the way education has traditionally been disseminated, changing the dynamics of the entire teaching and learning process in the classroom and beyond. It is through technology that distances can be bridged and education can be brought to the student’s doorstep. A student from any place can learn about what is happening in other University classroom. A student from a remote village in any part of India could get quality material to study. Teachers and students can connect with many people and places around the world thanks to information and communication technology, leading to a vast improvement in distance learning courses, and giving those in disadvantaged areas the chance to receive an education equal to the more advantaged. Coursework is also more flexible due to ease of communication, giving more students who work or have other obligations the ability to further their education with a schedule that works for them. On the other hand United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have taken a holistic and wide range of approach to help and promote ICT in education. Access, inclusion and quality are among the main challenges they can address. The Organization’s Intersect-oral Platform for ICT in education focuses on these issues through the joint work of three of its sectors: Communication and Information, Education and Science. UNESCO’s global network of offices, institutes and partners provide Member States with resources for elaborating ICT in education policies, strategies and activities. In particular, the UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education (IITE), based in Moscow, specializes in information exchange, research and training on the integration of ICT in education while UNESCO’s Bangkok office is strongly involved in ICT for Education in Asia and the Pacific. Technology, while spearheading a revolution in the field of education, has also posed a unique challenge. The biggest challenge that we face today is to create more open resources for a better learning process. CONCLUSION: Being conscious of the important role of ICT (internet) in our life, especially in the educational activities, education authorities should be levelheaded enough in implementing the strategies to make powerful ICT in supporting the teaching and learning process in the classroom. ICT is not just the bloom of the educational activities, but also it will be the secondary option to improve the functional and significant educational measures. The most important purpose of the approach for Information and Communication Technology Implementation in Education is to provide the prospects and trends of integrating information and communication technology (ICT) into the universal educational actions. REFERNCES: http://foldoc. org/Information and Communication Technology. http://www. infodev. org/en/Project. 03. html. http://www. indg. in/primary-education/policiesandschemes/information-and-communication-technology-in-schools-ict-schools. Daniel Lass, Bernard Morzuch and Richard Rogers (January 2007) University of Massachusetts Amherst Working Paper No. 2007-1. Paul Caron, THE FUTURE OF LAW LIBRARIES, Thomson-West, 2006, U of Cincinnati Public Law Research Paper No. 06-11. Neal Feigenson , Richard K. Sherwin and Christina Spiesel NYLS Legal Studies Research Paper No. 05 /06-6, Barbados Group Working Paper No. 05-06.